8.   NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE OF COMMON STOCK

Basic net income (loss) per common share (“Basic EPS”) is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding.  Diluted net income (loss) per common share (“Diluted EPS”) is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares and dilutive common share equivalents and convertible securities then outstanding.  The treasury stock method reduces the dilutive effect of potentially dilutive securities as it assumes that any cash proceeds (from the issuance of potentially dilutive securities) are used to buy back shares at the average share price during the period.

Diluted EPS for the six months ended April 30, 2018 and 2017 and for the three months ended April 30, 2018 is the same as Basic EPS, as the inclusion of the effect of common share equivalents then outstanding would be anti-dilutive.  For this reason, excluded from the calculation of Diluted EPS for the six and three months ended April 30, 2018 were stock options to purchase 3,840,846 shares and warrants to purchase 829,400 shares and for the six months ended April 30, 2017 were stock options to purchase 3,155,872 shares and warrants to purchase 837,400 shares

Dilutive EPS for the three months ended April 30, 2017 excluded stock options to purchase 3,153,472 shares and warrants to purchase 837,400 shares because their effect would be antidilutive.  The following is a reconciliation between basic weighted average common shares outstanding and dilutive weighted average common shares outstanding for the three months ended April 30, 2017: